Henri Charri re was a convicted murderer chiefly known as the author of Papillon, a hugely successful memoir of his incarceration in and escape from a penal colony on French Guiana. Papillon - Henri Charriere. Skip to main content. By Henri Charriere. Publication date 1977-10. Usage Public Domain Mark 1.0. Topics Chairriee, Papillon. Collection opensource. PDF download. Download 1 file. SINGLE PAGE PROCESSED JP2 ZIP download. Download 1 file.
Author | Henri Charrière |
---|---|
Translator | Patrick O'Brian |
Country | France |
Language | French |
Genre | Autobiographical novel |
Publisher | Robert Laffont (French) Hart-Davis, MacGibbon (English) |
Publication date | 1969 |
January 1970 | |
Pages | 516 (French) |
Followed by | Banco |
Papillon (French: [papijɔ̃], lit. 'butterfly') is an autobiographical novel written by Henri Charrière, first published in France on 30 April 1969. Papillon is Charrière's nickname.[1] The novel details Papillon's incarceration and subsequent escape from the French penal colony of French Guiana, and covers a 14-year period between 1931 and 1945.
Synopsis[edit]
The book is an account of a 14-year period in Papillon's life (October 26, 1931 to October 18, 1945), beginning when he was wrongly convicted of murder in France and sentenced to a life of hard labor at the Bagne de Cayenne, the penal colony of Cayenne in French Guiana known as Devil's Island. He eventually escaped from the colony and settled in Venezuela, where he lived and prospered.
After a brief stay at a prison in Caen, Papillon was put aboard a vessel bound for South America, where he learned about the brutal life that prisoners endured at the prison colony. Violence and murders were common among the convicts. Men were attacked for many reasons, including money, which most kept in a charger (a hollow metal cylinder concealed in the rectum; also known as a plan d'evasion, plan, or 'escape suppository')[2]. Papillon befriended Louis Dega, a former banker convicted of counterfeiting. He agreed to protect Dega from attackers trying to get his charger.
Upon arriving at the penal colony, Papillon claimed to be ill and was sent to the infirmary. There he collaborated with two men, Clousiot and André Maturette, to escape from the prison. They planned to use a sailboat acquired with the help of the associated leper colony at Pigeon Island. The Maroni River carried them to the Atlantic Ocean, and they sailed to the northwest, reaching Trinidad.[3]
In Trinidad the trio were joined by three other escapees; they were aided by a British family, the Dutch bishop of Curaçao, and several others. Nearing the Colombian coastline, the escapees were sighted. The wind died and they were captured and imprisoned again.
In Colombian prison, Papillon joined with another prisoner to escape. Some distance from the prison, the two went their separate ways. Papillon entered the Guajira peninsula, a region dominated by Amerindians. He was assimilated into a coastal village whose specialty was pearl diving. There he married two teenage sisters and impregnated both. After spending several months in relative paradise, Papillon decided to seek vengeance against those who had wronged him.
Soon after leaving the village, Papillon was captured and imprisoned at Santa Marta, then transferred to Barranquilla. There, he was reunited with Clousiot and Maturette. Papillon made numerous escape attempts from this prison, all of which failed. He was eventually extradited to French Guiana.
As punishment, Papillon was sentenced to two years of solitary confinement on Île Saint-Joseph (an island in the Îles du Salut group, 11 kilometers from the French Guiana coast). Clousiot and Maturette were given the same sentence. Upon his release, Papillon was transferred to Royal Island (also an island in the Îles du Salut group). An escape attempt was foiled by an informant (whom Papillon stabbed to death). Papillon had to endure another 19 months of solitary confinement. His original sentence of eight years was reduced after Papillon risked his life to save a girl caught in shark-infested waters.
After French Guiana officials decided to support the pro-NaziVichy Regime, the penalty for escape attempts was death, or capital punishment. Papillon decided to feign insanity in order to be sent to the asylum on Royal Island. Insane prisoners could not be sentenced to death for any reason, and the asylum was not as heavily guarded as Devil's Island. He collaborated on another escape attempt but it failed; the other prisoner drowned when their boat was destroyed against rocks. Papillon nearly died as well.
Papillon returned to the regular prisoner population on Royal Island after being 'cured' of his mental illness. He asked to be transferred to Devil's Island, the smallest and considered the most 'inescapable' island in the Îles de Salut group. Papillon studied the waters and discovered possibilities at a rocky inlet surrounded by a high cliff. He noticed that every seventh wave was large enough to carry a floating object far enough out into the sea that it would drift toward the mainland. He experimented by throwing sacks of coconuts into the inlet. https://ebayheavy.weebly.com/duties-and-responsibilities-of-aluminum-installer-salary.html.
He found another prisoner to accompany him, a pirate named Sylvain. He had sailed in southeast Asia, where he was known to raid ships, killing everyone aboard for their money and goods. The two men jumped into the inlet, using sacks of coconuts for flotation. The seventh wave carried them out into the ocean. After days of drifting under the relentless sun, surviving on coconut pulp, they made landfall at the mainland. Sylvain sank in quicksand after having abandoned his coconut sack.
On the mainland, Papillon encountered Cuic Cuic, who had built a hut on an 'island'. The hut was set on solid ground surrounded by quicksand; Cuic Cuic depended on a pig to find the safe route over the quicksand. The men and the pig made their way to Georgetown, British Guiana, by boat. Papillon decided to continue to the northwest in the company of five other escapees. Reaching Venezuela, the men were captured and imprisoned at mobile detention camps in the vicinity of El Dorado, a small mining town near the Gran Sabana region. Surviving harsh conditions there, and finding diamonds, Papillon was eventually released. He gained Venezuelan citizenship and celebrity status a few years later.
The impact of Papillon[edit]
The book was an immediate sensation and instant bestseller, achieving widespread fame and critical acclaim, and is considered a modern-day classic. Upon publication it spent 21 weeks as number 1 bestseller in France, with more than 1.5 million copies sold in France alone. 239 editions of the book have since been published worldwide, in 21 different languages.[1]
The book was first published in France by Robert Laffont in 1969, and first published in Great Britain by Rupert Hart-Davis in 1970, with an English translation by Patrick O'Brian. The book was adapted for a Hollywood film of the same name in 1973, starring Steve McQueen and Dustin Hoffman, as well as another in 2017, starring Charlie Hunnam and Rami Malek. Charrière also published a sequel to Papillon, called Banco, in 1973.
Papillon has been described as 'The greatest adventure story of all time' (Auguste Le Breton) and 'A modern classic of courage and excitement' (Janet Flanner, The New Yorker).
Autobiographical authenticity[edit]
Although Charrière always maintained, until his death in 1973, that events in the book were truthful and accurate (allowing for minor lapses in memory), since the book's publication there have been questions raised about its accuracy. The authenticity of the book was challenged most notably by French journalist Gérard de Villiers, author of Papillon Épinglé (Butterfly Pinned), who stated that 'only about 10 percent of Charrière's book represents the truth'.
Charrière reportedly had a reputation as a great storyteller, and critics have suggested that Papillon is more about a fictional character than the author. Charrière always said his account was true, and that he told the story to a professional writer, who drafted it in final form. The publisher, Robert Laffont, in a late interview before his death, said that the work had been submitted to him as a novel.[citation needed] Laffont specialised in publishing true adventures, and he persuaded Charrière to release the book as an autobiography.
As well as claims that not all events and jails which Charrière describes correspond to the time frame of events in the book, there are also similarities between sections of Papillon, and sections of a book written 30 years prior - La Guillotine Sèche (Dry Guillotine). Dry Guillotine, written by René Belbenoît, was published in 1938, and was also an autobiographical account of Belbenoît's incarceration on, and escape from, the French penal colony at French Guiana. The most notable similarities between these books were:
- Both authors described similar encounters with Goajira Indians. Belbenoît and Charrière both stated that they had, whilst escaping the French penal colony, met and lived with tribes of Goajira Indians who lived on the Guajira Peninsula. Both also stated they had taken Indian wives during these periods.
- Both authors also related a story about a group of escapees who had turned to cannibalism to survive. Whilst not necessarily unusual in itself, both authors also told how one member of the group of escapees had had a wooden leg, and that he had been killed and eaten by the group of escapees, and that his wooden leg has been used as a spit, or as kindling, for the cooking fire. Whilst Belbenoît stated in his book that he had been part of the group of escapees that had turned to cannibalism, Charrière related the story as having happened to a group of other inmates who were incarcerated in the French penal colony at the time of his stay.
Jr typing tutor crack version download. Belbenoît and Charrière also related their experiences within solitary confinement slightly differently, with the description given by Belbenoît not being as severe as that by Charrière. Most notably Belbenoît states that all those in solitary confinement were let out of their cells for one hour per day for fresh air and exercise, whereas Charrière stated that those in solitary confinement were locked up for 24 hours a day.
Having questioned the accuracy of Papillon as an autobiography, there are a number of facts which are not in question, which do validate Charrière's novel. These include:
- That French Guiana operated as a penal colony from 1852 until 1946. Those transported there ranged from political detainees to convicts of crimes like murder, rape, robbery and smaller petty crimes. Anyone receiving a sentence of more than eight years was exiled from France for life.[4]
- That conditions at the penal colony were extremely severe - 'Forty per cent of new arrivals to the colony perished within the first year. Of the 80,000 or so who were transported during the colony's 94-year existence, few made it back to France. Most were killed by the merciless nature of the forced labour, the poor diet and lack of protection from the myriad diseases rampant in the unfamiliar tropical environment. Many died during escape attempts, savaged by wild animals, ravaged by scurvy, or picked off by professional escapee hunters - or in the case of sea-bound escapes, drowned or were eaten by the sharks that infest the coastal waters.'[4]
- Charrière was born in the Ardèche, France, in 1906.[5]
- Charrière was sentenced in 1931 to hard life for murder and sent to the French penal colony in French Guiana, from which he eventually escaped.
- Charrière did escape, became a Venezuelan citizen, successful restaurateur and best-selling author.
Papillon is perhaps best regarded as a narrative novel, depicting the adventures of Charrière and several fellow inmates, among them Charles Brunier.[6][7]
Film adaptations[edit]
The book was adapted as a 1973 film of the same name, starring Steve McQueen as Henri Charrière and Dustin Hoffman as Louis Dega. Differences include a section of the movie set in the mainland penal colony. This does not occur in the book. The film received largely positive reviews.[8] The film was remade in 2017, based on the novel and the 1973 film, starring Charlie Hunnam as 'Papillon' and Rami Malek as Dega.
Editions[edit]
- ISBN0-06-093479-4 (560 pages; English; paperback; published by Harper Perennial; July 1, 2001)
- ISBN0-246-63987-3 (566 pages; English; hardcover; published by Hart-Davis Macgibbon Ltd; January, 1970)
- ISBN0-85456-549-3 (250 pages; English; large-print hardcover; published by Ulverscroft Large Print; October, 1976)
- ISBN0-613-49453-9 (English; school and library binding; published by Rebound by Sagebrush; August, 2001)
- ISBN0-7366-0108-2 (English; audio cassette; published by Books on Tape, Inc.; March 1, 1978)
See also[edit]
- Rene Belbenoit, Devil's Island convict and author of Dry Guillotine, Fifteen Years Among The Living Dead (1938)
- Charles Brunier, Devil's Island convict with a butterfly tattoo, who in 2005 claimed to have been the inspiration for Papillon
- Clément Duval, Devil's Island escapee and memoirist whose story was also said to have inspired Papillon
References[edit]
Papillon Pdf English
- ^ ab'Charrière, Henri 1906-1973 [WorldCat.org]'. www.worldcat.org. Retrieved 2016-08-21.
- ^Plans, Plan d'evasion, Chargers, etc.
- ^The Wild Coats: The Guyanas. 2015
- ^ abJames, Erwin (2006-12-04). 'Among the ghosts'. The Guardian. ISSN0261-3077. Retrieved 2016-08-21.
- ^'Henri Charrière - Papillon'. www.coopertoons.com. Retrieved 2016-08-21.
- ^'If this is correct; the 'real' Papillon', Rue Rude
- ^'Ex-convict aged 104 claims to be Papillon', The Telegraph
- ^'Papillon (1973)'. Rotten Tomatoes.
External links[edit]
- James Erwin (former inmate) (December 4, 2006). 'Among the ghosts'. The Guardian.
- 'The Fabulous Escapes of Papillon'. Life. November 13, 1970. pp. 45–52.
- 'Devil's Island: Reform Comes At Last to France's Most Notorious Penal Colony'. Life. July 12, 1939. pp. 65–71. A contemporary look at the then functioning 'Devil's Island' during Henri's time there.
- 'Henri Charrière - Papillon'. Coopertoons.com Caricatures. Article which refutes some claims made by Charrière in the book.
- Articles published in O Rebate which deny Charrière's, account:
- Fries, Ronald (December 2, 2004). 'Assunto: A farsa de um Papillon. (Macaé, ano I, Nº 49 - 5 a 12 de janeiro de 2007)'. O Rebate (in Portuguese). Brazil. Archived from the original on March 24, 2012.
- 'A GRANDE FARSA (Macaé, ano I, Nº 34 - 15)'. O Rebate (in Portuguese). Brazil. September 22, 2006. Archived from the original on January 9, 2013.
- 'A VERDADEIRA HISTÓRIA DE PAPILLON (Macaé, ano II, Nº 54 - 9 a 16 de fevereiro de 2007)'. O Rebate (in Portuguese). Brazil. Archived from the original on January 22, 2008.
Retrieved from 'https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Papillon_(book)&oldid=912460288'
Born | 16 November 1906 Saint-Étienne-de-Lugdarès, France |
---|---|
Died | 29 July 1973 (aged 66) |
Nationality | French later Venezuelan |
Other names | Papillon |
Occupation | Memoirist |
Known for | Papillon |
Henri Charrière (French pronunciation: [ɑ̃ʁi ʃaʁjɛʁ]; 16 November 1906 – 29 July 1973) was a French writer, convicted as a murderer by the French courts. He wrote the novel Papillon, a memoir of his incarceration in and escape from a penal colony in French Guiana. While Charrière claimed that Papillon was largely true, modern researchers believe that much of the book’s material came from other inmates, rather than Charrière himself. Charrière denied committing the murder, although he freely admitted to having committed various other petty crimes prior to his incarceration.
![Papillon henri charriere pdf romana Papillon henri charriere pdf romana](/uploads/1/2/6/0/126011468/484600423.jpg)
- 1Biography
- 2Papillon
Biography[edit]
Early life[edit]
Charrière was born at Saint-Étienne-de-Lugdarès, Ardèche, France. He had two older sisters. His mother died when he was 10. At 17 in 1923, he enlisted in the French Navy and served for two years. After that, he became a member of the Paris underworld. He later married and had a daughter.
Imprisonment[edit]
The version of his life presented in his semi-biographical novel, Papillon, claimed that Charrière was convicted on 26 October 1931 of the murder of a pimp named Roland Le Petit, a charge that he strenuously denied. He was sentenced to life in prison and ten years of hard labour. After a brief imprisonment at the transit prison of Beaulieu in Caen, France, he was transported in 1933 to the prison of St-Laurent-du-Maroni on the Maroni River, in the penal settlement of mainland French Guiana.
According to the book, he made his first escape on 28 November 1933[1] and was joined by fellow prisoners André Maturette and Joanes Clousiot, who would accompany him throughout much of his time on the run. Thirty-seven days later, the trio were captured by Colombian police near the village of Riohacha, northern Caribbean Region of Colombia, and were imprisoned. Charrière subsequently escaped during a rainy night and fled to the La Guajira Peninsula, where he was adopted by an Indian tribe. He spent several months living with the natives, but felt that he had to move on, which was a decision he would ultimately regret. After leaving, he was quickly recaptured and sent back to French Guiana to be put into solitary confinement for the next two years.
After his release from solitary confinement, he spent another 7 years in prison. During this period he attempted to escape several more times, resulting in increasingly brutal responses from his captors. He stated that he was then confined to Devil's Island, a labour camp (Devil's Island was not a labour camp so much as an internment camp) that, at the time, was notorious for being inescapable. (French authorities later released penal colony records that contradicted this; amongst other details, Charrière had never been imprisoned on Devil's Island.) However, he finally achieved his permanent liberation in 1941, by using a bag of coconuts as a makeshift raft and riding the tide out from the island. He sailed for miles and eventually arrived in Venezuela, where he was imprisoned for one year and then released as a Venezuelan citizen.[2]
Later life[edit]
After Charrière's final release in 1945, he settled in Venezuela where he married a Venezuelan woman identified only as Rita. He opened restaurants in Caracas and Maracaibo. He was subsequently treated as a minor celebrity, even being invited frequently to appear on local television programmes. He finally returned to France, visiting Paris in conjunction with the publication of his memoir Papillon (1969). The book sold over 1.5 million copies in France,[3] prompting a French minister to attribute 'the moral decline of France' to miniskirts and Papillon.[4]
Charrière was pardoned of murder in 1970.[5]
Papillon was first published in the United Kingdom in 1970, in a translation by the novelist Patrick O'Brian. Charrière played the part of a jewel thief in a 1970 film called The Butterfly Affair. He also wrote a sequel to Papillon entitled Banco, in which he describes his life after being released from prison.
On 29 July 1973, Charrière died of throat cancer in Madrid, Spain.[6]
Papillon[edit]
Charrière's best-selling book Papillon (1970), which he said was '75 percent true',[7] details his alleged numerous escapes, attempted escapes, adventures, and recaptures, from his imprisonment in 1932 to his final escape to Venezuela. https://ebayheavy.weebly.com/amitabh-bachan-hit-songs-free-download.html. The book's title is Charrière's nickname, derived from a butterflytattoo on his chest (papillon being French for butterfly). Modern researchers, however, believe that Charrière got much of his story material from other inmates, and so see the work as more of a work of fiction than a true autobiography.[citation needed]
In his book Les quatre vérités de Papillon ('The Four Truths of Papillon'), Georges Ménager, a former Paris Match reporter, claims that Charrière was in fact a police informer and a pimp before his incarceration, and lived off the proceeds of his girlfriend's prostitution, and that he later tried to blame her for the murder of Roland Legrande. Charrière claims to have been incarcerated in Saint Laurent and may have escaped from there, but according to French officials, he never served any time on Devil's Island.[citation needed]
The book and movie both present Devil's Island as having rocky cliffs, when, in fact, although the entire island is rocky, it gently slopes into the surrounding sea. A French justice ministry report said Charrière's book included episodes that were imagined or involved others and 'should be divided by at least 10 to get near the truth'.[8]
In 2005, a 104-year-old man in Paris, Charles Brunier, claimed to be the real Papillon.[9] He also had a butterfly tattoo, on his left arm.[citation needed]
Critics tend to agree that Charrière's depictions included events that happened to others and that Brunier was at the prison at the same time. Critics claim that the heroic rescue of a guard's young daughter from sharks, which Charrière describes graphically in his book, was in fact carried out by another convict named Alfred Steffen who lost both legs and subsequently died.[10] When some critics questioned the veracity of his story and said he erred on some of the dates, Charrière replied: 'I didn't have a typewriter with me.'[11] French journalist Gerard de Villiers, author of Papillon Épinglé (Butterfly Pinned), maintains: 'Only about 10 percent of Charrière's book represents the truth.'[12]
Film adaptations[edit]
Governor of poker 2 premium edition. Papillon was adapted into the film Papillon (1973), directed by Franklin J. Schaffner and starring Steve McQueen as Henri Charrière. Dalton Trumbo was the screenwriter, and Charrière himself acted as a consultant on location. The film has scenes not mentioned in the book, such as when Papillon and his friend Louis Dega (played by Dustin Hoffman) are forced by the guards to catch a crocodile.[citation needed]
A 12-minute documentary, The Magnificent Rebel (1973), covers the making of the film, and includes an interview with Charrière.[citation needed]
On 24 August 2018, a second film adaptation of the novel, also called Papillon (2017), was released. It was directed by Michael Noer, and Charrière was played by Charlie Hunnam.[citation needed]
References[edit]
![Papillon Papillon](/uploads/1/2/6/0/126011468/417177828.jpg)
- ^Charrière, Henri (1970). Papillon. London: Hart-Davis. ISBN978-0-24663-987-5.
- ^'Henri Charriere'. Everything2. 19 September 2001. Retrieved 15 September 2018.
- ^Foote, Timothy (14 September 1979). 'Travels with Papi'. TIME. Vol. 96 no. 11. p. 92.
- ^Charrière, Henri (2005). 'Introduction'. Papillon. Translated by O'Brian, Patrick. London: Harper Perennial. ISBN0-00-717996-0.
- ^''Papillon' Author Pardoned'. The New York Times. 29 October 1970. Retrieved 29 August 2018.
- ^Hoyle, Ben (31 July 1973). 'Obituary: Henri Charrière'. The Times. p. 14. Retrieved 13 March 2011.
- ^'Henri Charriere, Author of 'Papillon' Dies at 66'. The Lewiston Daily Sun. 28 July 1973. Retrieved 2018-09-15.
- ^Randall, Colin (27 June 2005). 'Ex-convict aged 104 claims to be Papillon'. The Daily Telegraph. Retrieved 2018-09-15.
- ^Schofield, Hugh (26 June 2005). 'Papillon alive and well in a Paris retirement home'. Mail & Guardian. Retrieved 2018-09-15.
- ^Wreen, Marie-Claude (13 November 1970). 'The Fabulous Escapes of Papillon: An ex-con from Devil's Island strikes it rich with a great yarn - but how true is it?'. LIFE. p. 52. Retrieved 2018-09-15.
- ^'Devil's Isle author dies after surgery'. Eugene Register-Guard. 30 July 1973. Retrieved 2018-09-15.
- ^'Small-time Paris thief writes a bestseller'. Boca Raton News. 5 November 1970. Retrieved 2018-09-15.
External links[edit]
Papillon Book Pdf
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Henri Charrière. |
Papillon Henri Charriere Pdf
- Charrière, Henri (2005). Papillon. Translated by O'Brian, Patrick. London: Harper Perennial. ISBN0-00-717996-0.
- Arantes, Platão (22 September 2006). 'A Grande Farsa' [The Great Hoax]. Jornal O Rebate (in Portuguese). Archived from the original on 9 January 2013. Retrieved 15 September 2018.
- Henri Charrière at Find a Grave
Papillon Henri Charriere Libro Pdf
Retrieved from 'https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Henri_Charrière&oldid=906508726'